Finalmente as fotografias da viagem a Jutland!...
Desculpem as longas descrições…são bocadinhos das notas do professor, o Henrik, que decidi roubar para que, quando tiverem (se tiverem) paciência, possam perceber o intúito da viagem, porque é que ele escolheu levar-nos áqueles sítios…e perceberem um bocadinho das paisagens de Jutland. Se não tiverem, vejam as fotografias!…não estão ‘grande espingarda’ mas sempre dá para ter uma ideia…
Mols Bjerge region
Field work - Salten valleyTrabalho de campo com a Gemma, Maria e Joaquin (espero que os nomes deles estejam bem escritos...)
Tange Sø Lake and hydropower station"Gudenå river is the longest river of Denmark (170km). Tange lake is an artificial lake, created by the damming of Gudenå river at the place with the steepest water fall. The dam was established in 1921, shortly after WW1 during which the import of fuel was limited, and Denmark suffered a severe energy crisis. At that time the hydropower station covered an incredible 20 % of Jutland’s power supply! Today it supplies 2000 households with electricity.The segment of the river to be eliminated was one of the most important reproduction places for salmon, due to the huge gravel banks. The huge population of salmon vanished, the water temperature in the downstream river increased, the siltation made the water less clear. The river lost water due to evaporation in the lake. The landscape effects were no less, farms disappeared, and the landscape was soon dominated by the rather large lake.
Today it is much disputed what the proper solution to the ecological problems should be.
Nørreå ValleyTypical valley of central Jutland.
It is cut 50-60 m in the moraine plateau. The valley slopes are quite steep, and the slopes are dissected into the plateau by ravines. The valley bottom is characterized by a very level terrain with several levels of river terraces.
The valley is quite long, more than50 km , Nørre Å stream runs in its entire length until it merges with Gudenå.
Has been subject for some kind of cultivation since the Iron Age. Till 1800 the cultivation was grazing by cattle, horses and sheep, along with cutting of hay for the winter fodder for cattle and horses.
From 1800 to 1950 the valleys were getting increasingly dry due to artificial drainage.
After 1950 the drainage and pumping was so effective that farmers began to grow grain on the areas. The drainage caused the peat soils to decompose, however, and the surface began to shrink. Since the 1950’s the shrinking has lowered the surface almost 2m.
The shrinking causes flooding of the farm land in the valley bottom. The flooding is a natural process of the valleys, and the grass production is dependent on this flooding, depositing nutrient rich water in the meadows. But the flooding eliminates the possibility for growing rotation crops. Further, the flooding happens at an increasing rate. The watercourse cannot be deepened further, the authorities don’t want to widen the watercourse, and consequently the farmers are giving up the land. The consequences are comprehensive; the valley is under transformation from open land to scrubland and eventually some kind of wetland forest.
The valley is quite long, more than
Has been subject for some kind of cultivation since the Iron Age. Till 1800 the cultivation was grazing by cattle, horses and sheep, along with cutting of hay for the winter fodder for cattle and horses.
From 1800 to 1950 the valleys were getting increasingly dry due to artificial drainage.
After 1950 the drainage and pumping was so effective that farmers began to grow grain on the areas. The drainage caused the peat soils to decompose, however, and the surface began to shrink. Since the 1950’s the shrinking has lowered the surface almost 2m.
The shrinking causes flooding of the farm land in the valley bottom. The flooding is a natural process of the valleys, and the grass production is dependent on this flooding, depositing nutrient rich water in the meadows. But the flooding eliminates the possibility for growing rotation crops. Further, the flooding happens at an increasing rate. The watercourse cannot be deepened further, the authorities don’t want to widen the watercourse, and consequently the farmers are giving up the land. The consequences are comprehensive; the valley is under transformation from open land to scrubland and eventually some kind of wetland forest.
Hald Sø LakeStrong Pollution from aquaculture in 1950’s-1980’s
Cultural and aesthetic values
Kongenshus memorial park
The 1200ha of the memorial park are the remnant of the once 50000ha “Alhede” – common heath-land - that once covered the huge plains of glaciofluvial origin - was a shared area that the surrounding settlements could use for grazing regulated by old customs.
The cultivation of the heath land of Jutland start in the 18th century, and lasted until after WW II. In 1953, Kongenshus was designated a nature protection area, to preserve one of the larger patches of heath land left.
A memorial monument to salute the farmers once busy with the cultivation of the heath land, was raised in one of the ravines. Today the area is under intensive management to keep the blanket of Calluna vulgaris and other dwarf shrubs.
The cultivation of the heath land of Jutland start in the 18th century, and lasted until after WW II. In 1953, Kongenshus was designated a nature protection area, to preserve one of the larger patches of heath land left.
A memorial monument to salute the farmers once busy with the cultivation of the heath land, was raised in one of the ravines. Today the area is under intensive management to keep the blanket of Calluna vulgaris and other dwarf shrubs.
Silkeborg
Antigo lago – transformado, de novo, num rio. O rio serve do mesmo modo as actividades oferecidas pelo antigo lago (canoagem por exemplo) e volta a possibilitar um maior número de habitats e ecossistemas.
Antigo lago – transformado, de novo, num rio. O rio serve do mesmo modo as actividades oferecidas pelo antigo lago (canoagem por exemplo) e volta a possibilitar um maior número de habitats e ecossistemas.
The Archipelago of South Funen
Closed sea between the south coast of Funen, and the islands of Tåsinge, Langeland and Ærø, with a large number (more than 50) of smaller islands.
The Archipelago was created some 8-10000 years ago, when the Baltic Sea flooded a low lying moraine landscape.
The lowest parts of this landscape were submerged, whereas the hilltops and other high parts remained as small and larger islands. Since then, marine erosion and deposition has created an extreme richness in coastal forms with countless variations.
The shallow sea house a very rich wildlife of both marine and avian species, and the fertile islands are characterized by significant cultural landscapes.
The area house a variety of plants and animals. Rare amphibians and plants occupy the coastal areas, and the shallow sea is an extremely important rest area for numerous species of birds. 70.000 water birds rest here during winter, half this number rest during summer. During the migration seasons, several hundred thousands birds may be counted here.
The sea area is a Ramsar area, and most of it is designated a national wildlife reserve.
The Archipelago was created some 8-10000 years ago, when the Baltic Sea flooded a low lying moraine landscape.
The lowest parts of this landscape were submerged, whereas the hilltops and other high parts remained as small and larger islands. Since then, marine erosion and deposition has created an extreme richness in coastal forms with countless variations.
The shallow sea house a very rich wildlife of both marine and avian species, and the fertile islands are characterized by significant cultural landscapes.
The area house a variety of plants and animals. Rare amphibians and plants occupy the coastal areas, and the shallow sea is an extremely important rest area for numerous species of birds. 70.000 water birds rest here during winter, half this number rest during summer. During the migration seasons, several hundred thousands birds may be counted here.
The sea area is a Ramsar area, and most of it is designated a national wildlife reserve.
